Chemistry / Chem 0636 · Atom · ~20 seconds
System and Surroundings
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The system is the matter undergoing a studied change; the surroundings are everything else able to exchange heat with it.
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In a calorimetry experiment, the reacting substances are the system, while the surrounding solution and calorimeter body count as the surroundings.
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The system/surroundings boundary is a choice the observer draws for the analysis, not a physical wall built into the apparatus.